H.R. 2431 · 105th Congress · enacted
International Religious Freedom Act of 1998
Became Public Law No: 105-292.
Latest official action 1998-10-27 · Enacted
The bill, briefly
Freedom From Religious Persecution Act of 1998 - Declares the purpose of this Act is to reduce and eliminate the widespread and ongoing religious persecution taking place throughout the world today. (Sec. 5) Establishes in the Department of State the Office of Religious Persecution Monitoring, whose Director, appointed by the President, with Senate consent, shall: (1) consider the facts and circumstances of violations of religious freedom presented in certain annual reports on human rights by the Department of State; and (2) make findings of fact on violations of religious freedom based on information from such reports or presented by independent human rights groups, nongovernmental organizations, or other interested parties. Requires the Director, based on such findings, to: (1) make policy recommendations to the Secretary of State for consideration in making determinations of countries in which there is category 1 religious persecution (conducted by government officials or agents) or category 2 religious persecution (conducted by non-government entities or persons, but which the government fails to undertake serious and sustained efforts to eliminate); (2) identify the responsible entities within such countries; and (3) report annually to specified congressional committees. Requires the Director to: (1) maintain lists of religious persecution facilitating products, and the re…
Congressional Research Service · 1998-05-08
Who reported lobbying on this bill?
Amount spent specifically on this bill: not disclosed
The reports below name this bill and disclose an organization’s overall lobbying expenses or a firm’s client income for the period. They can cover many bills and issues. These amounts are not payments to the bill or its politicians.
No matching lobbying report is imported yet. This is not evidence that no lobbying occurred.
2,409 latest lobbying reports imported. Some source imports are still in progress.
Politicians behind the bill
Sponsors and cosponsors from the official source, limited to members currently in office. Campaign amounts are cycle-wide and are not payments for this bill.
Cosponsor
Robert B. Aderholt
House · AL District 4 · Republican
$510,272PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Christopher H. Smith
House · NJ District 4 · Republican
$227,250PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Nancy Pelosi
House · CA District 11 · Democratic
$16,662PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr.
House · GA District 2 · Democratic
$792,250PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Mike Crapo
Senate · ID · Republican
$556,775PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Zoe Lofgren
House · CA District 18 · Democratic
$423,950PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Frank D. Lucas
House · OK District 3 · Republican
$722,374PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Edward J. Markey
Senate · MA · Democratic
$588,450PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Roger F. Wicker
Senate · MS · Republican
$118,700PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Nydia M. Velázquez
House · NY District 7 · Democratic
$62,250PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Ken Calvert
House · CA District 41 · Republican
$1,249,056PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Marcy Kaptur
House · OH District 9 · Democratic
$1,111,770PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Pete Sessions
House · TX District 17 · Republican
$551,944PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Harold Rogers
House · KY District 5 · Republican
$335,265PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Charles E. Schumer
Senate · NY · Democratic
$139,375PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Bernard Sanders
Senate · VT · Independent
-$5,000PAC receipts · 2025–2026
131 of 131 source cosponsor records retrieved; only current officials and unwithdrawn sponsorships appear.
PAC donors to the listed sponsors
These are all-cycle contributions to the listed sponsors’ and cosponsors’ campaigns. FEC does not attribute them to this bill. A donation plus sponsorship does not establish why a politician acted.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$73,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $5,000
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $5,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $2,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $2,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $4,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN CRYSTAL SUGAR COMPANY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$65,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $5,000
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$47,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $5,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $5,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordLOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION EMPLOYEES' POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$47,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $4,500
Mike Crapo · Cosponsor · $1,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $2,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $2,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $7,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $3,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $8,000
Official PAC recordTHE BOEING COMPANY PAC$46,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $7,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $1,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $1,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $9,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $6,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $10,000
Charles E. Schumer · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordEMPLOYEES OF RTX CORPORATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$46,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $3,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $6,500
Mike Crapo · Cosponsor · $2,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $1,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $10,000
Charles E. Schumer · Cosponsor · $3,000
Official PAC recordMACHINISTS NON PARTISAN POLITICAL LEAGUE OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MACHINISTS & AEROSPACE WORKERS$45,000
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $5,000
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $10,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $5,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $5,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS, AFL-CIO COMMITTEE ON POLITICAL EDUCATION$42,500
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · $2,500
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $5,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $10,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $5,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordEMPLOYEES OF NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION PAC$42,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $7,500
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $5,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL CATTLEMEN'S BEEF ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (NCBA-PAC)$42,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordAMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIATION PAC (BANKPAC)$40,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $1,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $2,500
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $7,500
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $4,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES P E O P L E$40,000
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $7,500
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $10,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $5,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $2,500
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordERNST & YOUNG POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$40,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $5,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordBLUE ORIGIN LLC POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (BLUE ORIGIN PAC)$38,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $3,500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $5,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN ISRAEL PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$38,278
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $4,994
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $9,994
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · -$188
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $4,994
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $8,496
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $4,994
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $4,994
Official PAC recordNATIONAL BEER WHOLESALERS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$37,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $5,000
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $2,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $7,500
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $2,500
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $5,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $2,500
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordNATIONAL COTTON COUNCIL OF AMERICA COMMITTEE FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COTTON$37,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Mike Crapo · Cosponsor · $2,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $5,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordL3HARRIS TECHNOLOGIES, INC. PAC$36,500
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $2,500
Roger F. Wicker · Cosponsor · $5,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $7,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,000
Official PAC recordBWX TECHNOLOGIES, INC POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$36,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $2,500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $3,500
Official PAC recordNATIONAL RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION AMERICA'S ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES PAC$36,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $7,500
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $1,000
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · $0
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $6,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $8,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $3,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $6,500
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $1,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordGENERAL DYNAMICS CORPORATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (GENERAL DYNAMICS EMPLOYEE PAC)$35,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $8,500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $6,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $5,500
Official PAC recordINTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FIREFIGHTERS INTERESTED IN REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION PAC$35,000
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $2,500
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Charles E. Schumer · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordTHE FARM CREDIT COUNCIL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$35,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $5,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $2,500
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordCONSERVATIVE OPPORTUNITY LEADERSHIP AND ENTERPRISE PAC$34,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $8,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $6,000
Official PAC recordLEIDOS INC. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$34,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $9,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $1,500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $3,500
Official PAC recordAIR LINE PILOTS ASSOCIATION PAC$32,500
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordDELOITTE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$32,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $2,500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $5,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $2,500
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordINTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SHEET METAL, AIR, RAIL AND TRANSPORTATION WORKERS POLITICAL ACTION LEAGUE$32,500
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $2,500
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $5,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $5,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN SUGAR CANE LEAGUE OF USA, INC PAC$32,000
Nancy Pelosi · Cosponsor · $3,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $6,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $3,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $6,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $5,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $3,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $3,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $3,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS ASSOCIATION PAC$30,500
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $6,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $1,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $2,500
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $8,500
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordAMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR JUSTICE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (AAJ PAC)$30,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $7,500
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordIN THE ARENA PAC$30,000
Mike Crapo · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $5,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$30,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $5,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordWALMART INC. PAC FOR RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT$30,000
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $2,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $8,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $7,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $3,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $3,500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $1,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $4,500
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $1,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CONVENIENCE STORES POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$29,500
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $7,500
Mike Crapo · Cosponsor · $5,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $6,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $5,000
Nydia M. Velázquez · Cosponsor · $1,000
Official PAC recordMODERN TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, INC. (MTSI) LEADERS FOR ENDURING SOLUTIONS$28,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $10,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $8,500
Official PAC recordCOMMUNICATIONS WORKERS OF AMERICA - COPE POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS COMMITTEE$27,500
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $7,500
Official PAC recordGENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY AEROSPACE EMPLOYEE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (GE AEROSPACE PAC)$27,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $2,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $1,000
Roger F. Wicker · Cosponsor · $2,000
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $2,500
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordHONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC. TECHNOLOGIES PUBLIC AFFAIRS COUNCIL (HONPAC)$27,500
Robert B. Aderholt · Cosponsor · $2,000
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $500
Ken Calvert · Cosponsor · $10,000
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $10,000
Harold Rogers · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL RURAL LETTER CARRIERS' ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$26,500
Christopher H. Smith · Cosponsor · $1,500
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Zoe Lofgren · Cosponsor · $2,500
Edward J. Markey · Cosponsor · $7,500
Marcy Kaptur · Cosponsor · $7,500
Pete Sessions · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordThe largest 40 donor totals appear here. Open each politician for their complete, paginated PAC donor list.
What happened after enactment?
Dated agency-reported implementation and uptake measures are shown with their scope. They do not by themselves establish causal success. If no evidence is listed, the outcome is not established.
Measured outcome: not established
Enactment alone does not show whether a law improved its intended outcome. We need a dated evaluation, observed result or verified implementation record before claiming success or failure.