H.R. 3153 · 116th Congress · enacted
EFFORT Act
Became Public Law No: 116-335.
Latest official action 2021-01-13 · Enacted
The bill, briefly
Expanding Findings for Federal Opioid Research and Treatment Act or the EFFORT Act This bill directs the National Science Foundation to support merit-reviewed and competitively awarded research on the science of opioid addiction.
Congressional Research Service · 2021-01-13
Who reported lobbying on this bill?
Amount spent specifically on this bill: not disclosed
The reports below name this bill and disclose an organization’s overall lobbying expenses or a firm’s client income for the period. They can cover many bills and issues. These amounts are not payments to the bill or its politicians.
No matching lobbying report is imported yet. This is not evidence that no lobbying occurred.
2,409 latest lobbying reports imported. Some source imports are still in progress.
Politicians behind the bill
Sponsors and cosponsors from the official source, limited to members currently in office. Campaign amounts are cycle-wide and are not payments for this bill.
Cosponsor
James R. Baird
House · IN District 4 · Republican
$229,994PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Madeleine Dean
House · PA District 4 · Democratic
$781,100PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Brian K. Fitzpatrick
House · PA District 1 · Republican
$2,223,728PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Peter Welch
Senate · VT · Democratic
$44,000PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Troy Balderson
House · OH District 12 · Republican
$1,161,876PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
James P. McGovern
House · MA District 2 · Democratic
$248,525PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Randy K. Weber, Sr.
House · TX District 14 · Republican
$465,394PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Haley M. Stevens
House · MI District 11 · Democratic
$461,500PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Roger Marshall
Senate · KS · Republican
$1,702,385PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Sean Casten
House · IL District 6 · Democratic
$790,550PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Brian Babin
House · TX District 36 · Republican
$432,267PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Frank D. Lucas
House · OK District 3 · Republican
$722,374PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Suzanne Bonamici
House · OR District 1 · Democratic
$459,875PAC receipts · 2025–2026
Cosponsor
Judy Chu
House · CA District 28 · Democratic
$414,500PAC receipts · 2025–2026
25 of 25 source cosponsor records retrieved; only current officials and unwithdrawn sponsorships appear.
PAC donors to the listed sponsors
These are all-cycle contributions to the listed sponsors’ and cosponsors’ campaigns. FEC does not attribute them to this bill. A donation plus sponsorship does not establish why a politician acted.
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$87,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $7,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $2,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $7,500
Official PAC recordNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$83,500
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $5,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $5,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $3,500
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordERNST & YOUNG POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$77,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $10,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $2,500
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN COUNCIL OF ENGINEERING COMPANIES (ACEC/PAC)$75,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $10,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $2,500
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $3,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $2,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $2,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $8,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $4,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN CRYSTAL SUGAR COMPANY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$70,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $5,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL BEER WHOLESALERS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$70,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $4,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $3,500
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $7,500
Official PAC recordAMERICA'S CREDIT UNIONS PAC$63,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $5,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $3,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $10,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordAIR LINE PILOTS ASSOCIATION PAC$62,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $10,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordHONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC. TECHNOLOGIES PUBLIC AFFAIRS COUNCIL (HONPAC)$60,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $2,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $8,500
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $2,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $5,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $10,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $4,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $4,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $2,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$60,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $5,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $2,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $7,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordTHE COUNCIL OF INSURANCE AGENTS & BROKERS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$59,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $1,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $5,500
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $1,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $8,500
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $6,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordAMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES P E O P L E$57,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $7,500
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $10,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordPRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE I$57,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $2,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $2,500
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION PAC$55,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $8,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $2,500
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $3,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $1,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $7,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $1,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $3,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $4,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIATION PAC (BANKPAC)$53,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $1,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $8,500
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $2,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $4,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $2,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordLABORERS' INTERNATIONAL UNION OF NORTH AMERICA (LIUNA) PAC$52,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Peter Welch · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $5,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $2,500
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordINTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SHEET METAL, AIR, RAIL AND TRANSPORTATION WORKERS POLITICAL ACTION LEAGUE$51,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $4,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $7,500
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordMACHINISTS NON PARTISAN POLITICAL LEAGUE OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MACHINISTS & AEROSPACE WORKERS$50,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordEMPLOYEES OF NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION PAC$47,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $2,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $2,500
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $5,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $2,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION AMERICA'S ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES PAC$46,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $2,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $8,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $7,500
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $4,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $2,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $1,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $8,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $1,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $2,000
Official PAC recordCARPENTERS LEGISLATIVE IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS AND JOINERS$45,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $5,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $10,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordBALDERSON VICTORY FUND$44,732
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $44,732
Official PAC recordAMERICAN ISRAEL PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$44,458
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $4,994
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,494
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $4,994
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $9,994
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $3,994
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $4,994
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $4,994
Official PAC recordWALMART INC. PAC FOR RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT$43,500
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $2,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $3,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $9,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $2,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $3,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $7,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (SKINPAC)$42,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $2,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $6,500
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $2,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $7,500
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $2,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $2,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $1,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $3,500
Official PAC recordTHE BOEING COMPANY PAC$42,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $7,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $4,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $1,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS ASSOCIATION PAC$41,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $8,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $1,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $2,500
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $1,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $1,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $4,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $3,500
Official PAC recordNATIONAL MULTIFAMILY HOUSING COUNCIL AND REAL ESTATE TECHNOLOGY AND TRANSFORMATION CENTER POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (NMHC PAC)$41,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $2,500
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $7,500
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $1,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordUNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. PAC (UPSPAC)$40,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $8,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $2,500
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $2,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordAMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS, AFL-CIO COMMITTEE ON POLITICAL EDUCATION$40,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $10,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordSPACE EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGIES CORP. PAC$40,000
James R. Baird · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $5,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $15,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordTHE HOME DEPOT INC. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$40,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $2,500
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordUBS AMERICAS INC. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (UBS PAC)$40,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $10,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $10,000
Official PAC recordAMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR JUSTICE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (AAJ PAC)$39,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $7,500
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $7,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $5,000
Official PAC recordNEA FUND FOR CHILDREN AND PUBLIC EDUCATION$39,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $5,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $4,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $2,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $4,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $10,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $4,000
Official PAC recordALLIED PILOTS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$37,500
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $10,000
James P. McGovern · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $2,500
Official PAC recordAMERICAN CHEMISTRY COUNCIL PAC$37,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $1,500
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $1,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $6,000
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $10,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $8,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $10,000
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $1,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL ADVISORS POLITICAL ACTION COMM$37,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $2,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $2,500
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $5,000
Sean Casten · Cosponsor · $2,500
Frank D. Lucas · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $2,500
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $7,000
Official PAC recordNATIONAL EMERGENCY MEDICINE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE / AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS$36,000
Madeleine Dean · Cosponsor · $5,000
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $4,500
Haley M. Stevens · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $5,000
Suzanne Bonamici · Cosponsor · $5,000
Judy Chu · Cosponsor · $1,500
Official PAC recordKOCH, INC. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (KOCHPAC)$35,500
Brian K. Fitzpatrick · Cosponsor · $10,000
Troy Balderson · Cosponsor · $6,000
Randy K. Weber, Sr. · Cosponsor · $5,000
Roger Marshall · Cosponsor · $10,000
Brian Babin · Cosponsor · $4,500
Official PAC recordThe largest 40 donor totals appear here. Open each politician for their complete, paginated PAC donor list.
What happened after enactment?
Dated agency-reported implementation and uptake measures are shown with their scope. They do not by themselves establish causal success. If no evidence is listed, the outcome is not established.
Measured outcome: not established
Enactment alone does not show whether a law improved its intended outcome. We need a dated evaluation, observed result or verified implementation record before claiming success or failure.